Ngomhla wama-25 ku-Agasti, amasebe asixhenxe kuquka neSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi akhuphe ngokusesikweni "Isicwangciso soMsebenzi soKhulo oluZinzileyo lweShishini leNsimbi neNsimbi" (esibizwa ngokuba "yiSicwangciso"), egxininisa kwakhona ukuba imboni yentsimbi nentsimbi yishishini elisisiseko neliyintsika yoqoqosho lwesizwe kwaye liyintsimi ebalulekileyo enxulumene nokukhula okuzinzileyo kweshishini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koqoqosho. Kwangaxeshanye, "iNkqubo" ibeka phambili amanyathelo omsebenzi ali-12, kuquka ukuxhasa nokukhokela uphuhliso olucwangcisiweyo lwentsimbi yesithando sombane, ebizwa ngokuba yi "12 Steel". (Cofa ukuze ubone iinkcukacha: Inzima! Amasebe asixhenxe akhuphe ngokudibeneyo "Isicwangciso soMsebenzi soKhulo oluZinzileyo lweShishini leNsimbi neNsimbi")
Okwangoku, imveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane ibandakanya malunga ne-10% yemveliso yentsimbi eluhlaza yelizwe lam. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, kukho amashishini angaphezu kwama-250 okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane asebenza ngeenkqubo ezimfutshane kwilizwe lam, apho phantse angama-200 angamashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane asebenza ngeenkqubo ezimfutshane. Nge "Isicwangciso sokuSebenza seKhabhoni yeShishini" sibeka phambili iimfuno ezijoliswe kuzo "ngo-2025, inani lokwenza intsimbi yenkqubo ezimfutshane liya kufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-15%; ngo-2030, inani lokwenza intsimbi yenkqubo ezimfutshane liya kufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-20%", amaphondo, oomasipala abaphantsi koRhulumente oPhakathi) nabo bacebise ukuba inani lokwenza intsimbi yenkqubo ezimfutshane kufuneka lifikelele kwi-5% ukuya kwi-20% kumaxwebhu anjenge "Isicwangciso sokuSebenza seKhabhoni yeSithili", "Isicwangciso sokuSebenza seKhabhoni yeSithili seShishini", kunye "neSicwangciso soMsebenzi esiBanzi soLondolozo lwaMandla kunye nokuNcitshiswa koMkhuhlane". Injongo.
Isiqingatha sesibini "sekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" kwishishini lesinyithi nentsimbi yelizwe lam kufuneka sixhomekeke kuphuhliso olunamandla lokwenza isinyithi esifukweni sombane ukuze kufezekiswe ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni emva kwencopho yekhabhoni. Inxalenye enkulu yokwenza isinyithi esifukweni sombane esiluhlaza okotshani kunye nesinyithi esincitshisiweyo esisekelwe kwi-hydrogen kunye nenxalenye enkulu yokwenza isinyithi esifukweni sombane esiluhlaza okotshani, ngandlela ithile, sithetha into efanayo nemveliso "yesinyithi esiluhlaza".
NgoMeyi walo nyaka, uMphathiswa wezeShishini kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, uMphathiswa wezeNdalo kunye neNdalo kunye noRhulumente wePhondo laseSichuan babambe iNgqungquthela yeSizwe yokuKhuthazwa kokwenziwa kweNsimbi yeZithando zoMbane kwiSixeko saseLuzhou, kwiPhondo laseSichuan, ukuze kugxilwe ngakumbi kwaye kuphunyezwe "iSicwangciso sokuSebenza seProjekthi ePhambili yoPhuhliso oluPhezulu yokwenza iNsimbi yeZithando zoMbane". Ngokuphathelele ukuxhasa nokukhokela uphuhliso olucwangcisiweyo lwentsimbi ye-furnace yombane, "isicwangciso" esitsha esikhutshwe zii-ofisi ezisixhenxe kunye neekomishini kuquka noMphathiswa wezeShishini kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi sigxininisa ukukhawuleziswa kokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi ekhokelayo yophuhliso oluphezulu yokwenza intsimbi ye-furnace yombane yenkqubo emfutshane, kwaye kwakhona sicacisa ukuphunyezwa kokutshintshwa kwamandla ahlukeneyo kwiiprojekthi zokwenza intsimbi ye-furnace yombane, ulawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye neminye imigaqo-nkqubo yokudala iqela leshishini lentsimbi ye-furnace yombane elikhokelayo kwihlabathi liphela.
Ukusekwa nophuhliso lwamaqela emizi-mveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane kufuneka kuxhomekeke kumashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane asebenzisa inkqubo yemveliso yazo zonke izinto ezilahliweyo zokunyibilikisa izithando zombane. Nokuba umlinganiselo wokwenziwa kwentsimbi yenkqubo emfutshane unokufikelela kumgangatho njengoko kucwangcisiwe, amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane aya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane anakho ukudala amashishini okulinganisa aphezulu, kwaye kufuneka athathe umsebenzi obalulekileyo wembali wokwenza ishishini lokulinganisa eliphezulu ekwenzeni intsimbi yesithando sombane elinokuphinda imodeli yokunyusa. Uphuhliso oluphezulu lwamashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane luya kuba sisixhobo sokunyusa nokuqinisa uphuhliso oluphezulu lwemizi-mveliso yentsimbi. Ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa okusebenzayo komgangatho kunye nokukhula okufanelekileyo kobuninzi bentsimbi yesithando sombane akunakuhlukaniswa neshishini lokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane, eliya kudlala indima ephambili ekhokelayo nebonisayo ekuphunyezweni "kwemigaqo yentsimbi eli-12", kwaye liya kuba kukuphunyezwa okunzulu komzekelo "ongagungqiyo".
Ukujonga imeko yophuhliso lwentsimbi yesithando sombane kwilizwe lam ngokwembono yenkqubo
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, amandla okuvelisa intsimbi yesithando sombane kwilizwe lam amalunga neetoni ezingama-200 ezigidi, kodwa ngo-2022 imveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane ingaphantsi kweetoni ezili-100 ezigidi, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa komthamo limalunga nama-50%. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi kulo nyaka, izinga lokusebenza eliphakathi lazo zonke izithando zombane zentsimbi ekrazukileyo kwilizwe lam lidlule kwi-75%. %, izinga lokusetyenziswa komthamo eliphakathi lihlala limalunga nama-50%, kwaye amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane ahamba phakathi kwenzuzo encinci kunye nelahleko. Kwelinye icala, amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane awazange ahlangabezane nokucima kombane okukhulu nokwexesha elide okubangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu ehlotyeni, kwaye izinga lokusebenza eliphakathi lezithando zombane lihlala likwinqanaba eliphezulu; kwelinye icala, izinga lokusetyenziswa komthamo eliphakathi lezithando zombane libe kwinqanaba eliphantsi, ikakhulu ngenxa yentsimbi. Imeko yexabiso lemarike esezantsi ayilungile, ixabiso lezixhobo zentsimbi ekrazukileyo liphezulu kwaye unikezelo alwanelanga, kwaye ixabiso lamandla liphezulu kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ngokwembono yenkqubo, kulula kakhulu ukuqala ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane ukuze zifezekiseke "zide ukuya kwezimfutshane" ngokutshintshwa komthamo, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho ngxaki konke konke ukufezekisa injongo yokwenza intsimbi yenkqubo emfutshane ebalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-15% ngo-2025 Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba i-15% yemveliso yentsimbi eluhlaza yelizwe lam iveliswa ziindawo zombane, kuba izinto eziluhlaza ezifana nokubonelela kunye nexabiso lentsimbi ekrwada yokuvelisa intsimbi yesithando sombane, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla afana nombane kuye kwabangela ukuba iindleko zentsimbi yesithando sombane zibe phezulu kunezo zentsimbi eguqulayo. Akukho nzuzo phantse kwixabiso. Izinto "ezincinci" ezithintela uphuhliso lokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane azinakuphuculwa kakuhle, kwaye kunzima ukwenza inkqubela phambili elungileyo ngokwemilinganiselo yenkqubo yokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane ngexesha elifutshane.
Ukujonga imeko yophuhliso lwentsimbi ye-Electric Furnace kwilizwe lam ngokwembono yezixhobo
Ngomhla we-14 kweyeKhala, ngowama-2023, iKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe ikhuphe isibhengezo malunga nokubonisana noluntu malunga "neKhathalogi ekhokelayo yoLungiso lweSakhiwo seShishini (uHlelo luka-2023, uDrafti yezimvo)" (eza kubizwa ngokuba yi "Khathalogi"). "IKhathalogi" ichaza ukuba izixhobo zokwenza intsimbi zesithando sombane esilinganiselweyo "sisithando sombane esinomthamo oqhelekileyo weetoni ezingama-30 nangaphezulu kunye neetoni ezili-100 (intsimbi ye-alloy iitoni ezingama-50) okanye ngaphantsi". Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uqaliswe ukusebenza ukususela ngo-2011 kwaye awukalungiswa.
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, ukusukela oko kwaqaliswa "Amanyathelo okuphumeza ukutshintshwa komthamo kwiShishini leNsimbi neNsimbi" ngoJuni 1, 2021, ekupheleni kukaJulayi 2023, ngokusebenzisa ukutshintshwa komthamo, izixhobo zokwenza intsimbi zesitofu sombane ezingama-66 zakhiwe, zakhiwe ngokutsha okanye eziza kwakhiwa. Umthamo opheleleyo ziitoni ezingama-6,430, kwaye umthamo oqhelekileyo wesixhobo ngasinye ziitoni ezingama-97.4, esele zisondele kwiitoni ezili-100. Oku kubonisa ukuba izixhobo zokwenza intsimbi zesitofu sombane zelizwe lam ziqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwindlela eya kuphuhliso olukhulu, kwaye zifezekise kakuhle iimfuno ze "Khathalogu". Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ayizizo zonke izixhobo ezakhiweyo ezinamandla angaphezu kweetoni ezili-100, kwaye ezinye izixhobo zisasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa intsimbi ye-alloy ngenxa yemida efana namandla okuvelisa, othintela umda womthamo oqhelekileyo ongaphantsi kweetoni ezili-100.
Ukususela ngo-2017, ngoncedo lweetoni ezili-140 lezigidi "zentsimbi yomgangatho" ezicociweyo, ilizwe lam lisandul' ukwakha inani elikhulu lezixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane, kodwa izixhobo zesithando sombane ezingama-100 eetoni nangaphezulu zingeniswa kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, eziqokelelweyo Kukho izithando zombane ezingama-51 ezingenisiweyo ezinomthamo oqhelekileyo wale nqanaba ezakhiweyo, ezisakhiwayo okanye eziza kwakhiwa, kuquka ezingama-23 ezenziwe nguDanieli, ezili-14 ezenziwe nguTenova, ezili-12 ezenziwe nguPrime, ezi-2 ezenziwe nguSMS, njl. Kunzima kumashishini ukukhuphisana nabavelisi bamanye amazwe kweli nqanaba lezixhobo zesithando sombane. I-Domestic Changchun Electric Furnace, iWuxi Dongxiong kunye nezinye izixhobo zesithando sombane zigxila kakhulu kwizithando zombane ezithe tyaba ezingaphantsi kweetoni ezili-100, ngakumbi iitoni ezingama-70-80 zezithando zombane ezithe tyaba ezithe tyaba. Indawo yale nxalenye yezithando zombane ithatha ngaphezulu kwe-95%.
Ngophando, kufunyaniswe ukuba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokunyibilikisa iitoni ezingama-70-80 ze-all-scrap horizontal continuous feeding electric furnace limalunga nemizuzu engama-32, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okunyibilikisa aphakathi yi-335 kWh/ton yentsimbi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode yi-0.75 kg/ton yentsimbi, kwaye izalathisi ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa nezoqoqosho zinokufikelela kwi-100. Iitoni nangaphezulu kwenqanaba le-electrical furnace, ubunzulu bokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni bumalunga ne-0.4 yeetoni/ton yentsimbi kuphela. Ukuba eli nqanaba lezixhobo ze-electrical furnace ligqibezela utshintsho lwe-ultra-low emission njengoko kufuneka, linokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zomgangatho wokuphunyezwa kwe-ultra-low emission standard wesizwe. "Isiphakamiso" sicebisa ukukhawulezisa ukukhuthazwa kokuphuculwa okuphezulu kwezixhobo zobugcisa, ii-electrical furnace eziphambili, i-smelting ekhethekileyo, uvavanyo oluphezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphezulu, kunye nokuqinisa uphando oluphezulu nolusezantsi lwe-"industry-university-research-application". Ukusuka kwidatha yophando engentla, kunokubonwa ukuba i-70-80 yeetoni ze-all-scrap horizontal continuous feeding electric furnace ihlangabezana neemfuno ze-"advanced electric furnace". Amandla okuvelisa izinto ezintsha nophuhliso lwamashishini esinyithi.
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, kukho izitofu zombane ezingama-418 kwilizwe lam (kuquka ezikhoyo, ezisandula ukwakhiwa kunye nezo ziza kwakhiwa), izitofu zombane ezili-181 ezinomthamo oqhelekileyo weetoni ezingama-50 okanye ngaphantsi, kunye nezitofu zombane ezili-116 ezinomthamo weetoni ezingama-51 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-99 (iitoni ezingama-70~ Kukho ezingama-87 kwiitoni ezingama-99), kwaye kukho izitofu zombane ezili-121 zeetoni ezili-100 nangaphezulu. Ngokweemfuno ze "Catalogue", nokuba ezinye izixhobo ezintsha zesitofu sombane ezingama-50-100-ton egameni lentsimbi ye-alloy ziyasuswa, umlinganiselo wezixhobo zesitofu sombane ezithintelweyo kwilizwe lam usephezulu kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela nokuxoxa ngokuba kufuneka kwandiswe ngakumbi umthamo wezitofu zombane, "ubungakanani obunye bufanela bonke" kunye "neqela leenyosi" ukunyanzela "ukuba zisuke kwezincinci ziye kwezinkulu", okanye ukunciphisa umgangatho womthamo omiselweyo wazo zonke izixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesitshizi sentsimbi yombane ngendlela ejoliswe kuyo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kutshintshwe igama elikwi "Catalogue" elithi "i-electric arc furnace enomthamo oqhelekileyo weetoni ezingama-30 nangaphezulu kunye neetoni ezili-100 (i-alloy steel iitoni ezingama-50) okanye ngaphantsi" libe "yi-arc furnace enomthamo oqhelekileyo weetoni ezingama-30 nangaphezulu kunye neetoni ezili-100 (i-alloy steel iitoni ezingama-50, iitoni ezingama-70 zentsimbi elahliweyo)", ukuze kusetyenziswe ngcono izibonelelo zezixhobo ze-electric furnace ezikhoyo zeetoni ezingama-70-99, kwaye kuncitshiswe "i-tight hoop" kwiintloko zamashishini anezixhobo ze-electric furnace ezinjalo.
Utshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa kwamashishini esinyithi esitovini sombane selizwe lam ngokwembono yesakhiwo semveliso
Phakathi kweemveliso zentsimbi eziveliswa ngamashishini enziwe ngentsimbi yesitovu sombane kwilizwe lam, imveliso yentsimbi yekhabhoni eqhelekileyo ingaphezulu kwe-80%, ngelixa intsimbi yokwakha ingaphezulu kwe-60%. Njengoko imfuno yentsimbi yokwakha efana ne-rebar iyancipha, amashishini enziwe ngentsimbi yesitovu sombane avelisa iimveliso zentsimbi ezinkulu nezibanzi kufuneka alungise ngokukhawuleza ulwakhiwo lwemveliso yawo aze agqibezele utshintsho nophuculo lwawo.
Njengoko uphuhliso loqoqosho olusemgangathweni welizwe lam luqhubeka lusiba nzulu, imfuno yomntu ngamnye yeemveliso zentsimbi iya isanda, kwaye imveliso "esekwe kwi-odolo" iyanda. Ngokubanzi, kumashishini okwenza intsimbi esitovini sombane anomthamo weetoni ezili-100 nangaphezulu, izalathisi zamandla awo emveliso ziphezulu, kwaye ukwakhiwa okuxhasayo kwemigca yemveliso yokuqengqeleka kwentsimbi kufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu, oluthintelwa zizinto ezifana nendawo yesiza kunye notyalo-mali olukhulu lwezinto ezintsha ezizinzileyo. Kunzima ukugqiba ngokupheleleyo uhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo semveliso.
Kwintsimbi ye-alloy kunye nentsimbi ekhethekileyo eneentlobo ezininzi zemveliso, iinxalenye ezincinci kunye nexabiso elongezelelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa "isithando sombane esincinci" kwimveliso kuqala, esingenakunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kuphela ngempumelelo, kodwa sinciphise neendleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo. Oku kuhambelana namanyathelo acetywayo kwi "Plan" yokudala amaqela eshishini lentsimbi aphambili. Amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane kufuneka anike ingqalelo ekuphuhliseni kwicala lamashishini amancinci naphakathi amatsha, amashishini amancinci naphakathi akhethekileyo nakhethekileyo, amashishini amancinci naphakathi akhethekileyo, amashishini "amancinci" akhethekileyo, kunye namashishini aphambili azimeleyo kwimveliso. Umzekelo, ishishini elitsha elikhethekileyo lesizwe "elincinci" e-Anhui lamkela isithando sombane esineetoni ezingama-35 ukuxhasa izithando ezininzi zokucokisa, izithando zokungenisa kunye nezithando zokuzisebenzisa, njl.njl., kwaye sinamandla emveliso eetoni ezili-150,000 zezinto ezikhethekileyo ze-alloy ngonyaka. , iimveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinqwelomoya, kwi-aerospace, ekwakheni iinqanawa, kwi-petrochemical, kumandla enyukliya nakwamanye amasimi, kwaye zinokuhlela uphando nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha ngokweemfuno zabathengi bezinto ezintsha; Inkampani ebhalisiweyo eJiangsu isebenzisa isithando sombane esiziitoni ezingama-60 ukuxhasa iiFurnaces ezininzi zokucocwa, iifurnaces zokungenisa kunye neefurnaces ezizisebenzisayo, njl.njl., ukuvelisa izinto ze-alloy kunye neemveliso ze-alloy. Ezi mveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini okuvelisa izixhobo eziphezulu ezifana namandla amatsha omoya, uthutho lukaloliwe, i-aerospace, izixhobo zomkhosi, amandla enyukliya, kunye nezixhobo ze-semiconductor chip.
Isithando sombane esipheleleyo esimalunga neetoni ezingama-70 sinokuhlangabezana kakuhle neempawu "zeebhetshi ezininzi, iintlobo ezininzi, kunye nobungakanani obuncinci besivumelwano". Nciphisa iindawo ezishiyekileyo ezibangelwa kukuveliswa kwesivumelwano samashishini esinyithi nesinyithi. Umthamo wokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza nezincedisayo kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso emalunga neetoni ezingama-70 zezithando zombane ezipheleleyo zingaphantsi kwezo zeetoni ezili-100 zezithando zombane nangaphezulu, kwaye inqanaba lilonke lokungcola kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kulo mmandla liphantsi.
Ukongeza, ukuze isithando sombane esinye seetoni ezingama-70 sihambelane nomgca wokuvelisa i-rolling mill yeetoni ezingama-600,000, yindlela efanelekileyo, engabizi kwaye esebenzayo yokufanisa i-furnace-machine kwi-meals zentsimbi zasezidolophini ezinomgama weekhilomitha ezingama-200 zokubonelela ngentsimbi elahliweyo kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso. Ngokuphathelele indlela yophuhliso lweemveliso ze-furnace zombane ezineetoni ezahlukeneyo, kucetyiswa ukuba kulandelwe ezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo zokwahlulahlula: okokuqala, umthamo we-furnace zombane ziitoni ezingama-30 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-50, ezifanelekileyo ukuvelisa intsimbi ekhethekileyo kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy kwiibhetshi ezincinci; okwesibini, umthamo we-furnace zombane ziitoni ezili-150 nangaphezulu, ezifanelekileyo ukuvelisa iipleyiti kunye nemicu, intsimbi yeemoto eyongeziweyo kunye nentsimbi engagqwali, njl.njl.; okwesithathu, umthamo we-furnace zombane ususela kwiitoni ezingama-50 ukuya kwiitoni ezili-150, kwaye ikakhulu iitoni ezingama-70 ukuya kwiitoni ezili-100, ezifanelekileyo kwii-mills zentsimbi ezincinci ezijikeleze isixeko ukuze kuveliswe intsimbi yokwakha kunye nokulahla inkunkuma yasekhaya.
Ezinye iingcebiso malunga nophuhliso lwe-Electric Furnace Short Process Steelmaking kwilizwe lam
Okokuqala, khuthaza amanyathelo kwiimeko zasekuhlaleni, ukhuthaze ngokukhutheleyo nangokuqhubekayo uphuhliso lwentsimbi yesithando sombane. Akufanelekanga ukwandisa ngokukhawuleza inani lezixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane kunye nomlinganiselo wemveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane, kwaye akukhuthazwa ukwandisa umlinganiselo wemveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane kunye nemveliso ngokwesakhiwo senkqubo kuzo zonke iindawo zelizwe. Xa kuthelekiswa neemfuno ezithile zezalathisi zobungakanani. Imeko yokuqala yophuhliso lwentsimbi yesithando sombane kukuba indawo yeshishini inezixhobo ze-ferrite ezaneleyo ezifana nentsimbi ekrwada, ilandelwe ngamanzi nombane ongabizi kakhulu njengenkxaso, kwaye okwesithathu kukuba ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, amandla kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwixesha elizayo kuncinci kwaye kunqabile. Ukuba indawo ethile ayinazo izibonelelo zezixhobo namandla, kwaye amandla okuthwala okusingqongileyo kunye namandla okucoca anamandla, kodwa "iqela" lifaka izixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane ngokungaboniyo, isiphumo sokugqibela sinokuba kukuba kukho inani "labaguquli bombane" kwezinye iindawo. Amanye amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane angenakukhuphisana namashishini enkqubo ende anyanzeleke ukuba amise imveliso ixesha elide ngenxa yokungabikho kokhuphiswano lwemarike.
Okwesibini, sebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo ngokweendidi kwaye wenze umsebenzi olungileyo ekuveliseni nasekulawuleni izitofu zombane ezikhoyo. Musa ukubawa kakhulu ngamazwe angaphandle ngezixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesitofu sombane, cwangcisa indlela efanelekileyo yokufanisa umatshini wesitofu sezixhobo zokwenza intsimbi yesitofu sombane, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungasebenzisi nje ubungakanani bomthamo wesitofu njengophawu olulodwa lokulinganisa ukuba izixhobo ziphucukile na, kwaye ungakhuthazi zonke iindawo zelizwe ukuba ziqhubeke nokusebenzisa "ubungakanani obunye bufanela bonke" "Imigaqo-nkqubo efana nokusuka kwinto encinci ukuya kwenkulu" iyathintela uphuhliso lwamashishini "ombane omncinci" akhuphisanayo.
"Isiphakamiso" sibeka phambili ngokwemigaqo yokuqinisa izinto eziqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo kufuneka ziseke indlela yexesha elide yokukhula okuzinzileyo kweshishini lentsimbi, zicoce imigaqo-nkqubo yocalucalulo kwishishini lentsimbi, kwaye zihlangabezane nomgaqo wophuhliso olusemgangathweni ophezulu wokwenza intsimbi yesitovu sombane ngokusebenza kokusingqongileyo kwinqanaba le-A kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla okuphambili. Iiprojekthi zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi azibandakanywanga kulawulo lweprojekthi "ezimbini eziphezulu kunye nenye". Phantsi kwemeko yangoku yeshishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi, amashishini kufuneka anike ingqalelo ekuqinisekiseni "ukusinda" kwaye aphephe inqanaba eliphezulu letyala leenkampani elibangelwa zizixhobo ezintsha zesitovu sombane, eziya kuba yingxaki yokugqibela etyumza ishishini.
Okwesithathu, kukhawuleziswe ukukhuthazwa kophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu lweshishini lentsimbi yesithando sombane. Kucetyiswa ukuba amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane afanele afune utshintsho nokuphucula ngokukhawuleza, agqibezele ukwenziwa ngcono kunye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo semveliso, kwaye avelise iimveliso ezikhuphisanayo ezinexabiso eliphezulu kwiindawo zokusebenzela "ezicocekileyo". Misela ulwazi lophawu, uncamathisele ukubaluleka kupapasho lwangaphandle kunye nonxibelelwano, kwaye ulwele "iprimiyamu yophawu". Nokuba ithintelwe okanye ayithintelwanga, izixhobo zesithando sombane zinokuvelisa intsimbi yokwakha ehlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho womthengi. Ukuba "isithando sombane esikhulu" asinakufumana ngokuqhubekayo izixhobo zeferrite ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezicocekileyo ezifana neziqwenga zentsimbi okanye isinyithi esincitshisiweyo ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko ke kunzima ukuvelisa iimveliso zentsimbi ezongeziweyo ezinexabiso eliphezulu. Amashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane avelisa intsimbi yokwakha njengemveliso yawo ephambili afanele azame ukugqiba utshintsho nokuphucula ngokukhawuleza ngokudityaniswa kobuchwephesha kunye nokuthengwa, intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe yamandla emveliso, njl. Imodeli yophuhliso kunye neentlobo zemveliso zamashishini okwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane "ezincinci", iintshatsheli ezingatshatanga kunye neentshatsheli ezingabonakaliyo, ngamanyathelo amaninzi afana nokwandisa utyalo-mali lwe-R&D, ukuqinisa intsebenziswano yobugcisa okanye ukuthenga ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiweyo, ziya kufezekisa ngokupheleleyo ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo semveliso kwaye zilwele "iprimiyamu yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha".
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-11-2023