Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amashishini e-metallurgical ehlabathi ngokudityaniswa kunye nokufunyanwa, ukugxila kwishishini kuyaqhubeka nokukhula.Xa kufika i-2023, izibonelelo ze-metallurgical industry ziye zangena kwixesha lokuhla, ngokukodwa ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zezinye izinto eziluhlaza kunye nokwehla okukhulu kwamaxabiso entsimbi, okubangele ukuhla kweenzuzo zenkampani.Ngokwemeko nganye, ukuphila kuye kwaba ngumxholo walo nyaka, ukuncitshiswa kweprojekthi nganye, ukugxila okulinganiselweyo ekuphuculeni inkqubo kunye nokuphucula, ukuphuhliswa kwekhabhoni ephantsi kunye nokuveliswa okukrelekrele.Okufana "ne-ultra-low emission" inguqu kunye namandla "ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla", kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuveliswa kweteknoloji yekhabhoni ephantsi kunye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali kwicandelo lezoshishino.
● Ukunyibilikiswa kwentsimbi
1. Utshintsho lokunyibilikisa olusekwe kwikhabhoni kwi-hydrogen-based smelting
Intsimbi kunye nentsimbi yokunyibilikisa i-metallurgy ye-hydrogen, kodwa umthombo wangoku we-hydrogen eluhlaza ulinganiselwe, kunye nale ngxaki, kwithuba elifutshane lokunyibilikisa kwesithando somlilo kusetyenziswa igesi ye-oven ye-coke endaweni ye-coke njenge-arhente yokunciphisa, njenge-XIYE Iron kunye ne-Steel hydrogen- isithando somlilo esisekwe kwishaft, kunye nemodyuli yobushushu obuphezulu begesi epholileyo yereactor amandla enyukliya nawo ayavuthwa.Imveliso yeHydrojeni evela kwigesi ye-oven coke kwimisebenzi yentsimbi.
2. Inkqubo emfutshane yokunyibilikisa
Ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokukhuselwa kwendalo, ukunyibilika kwenkqubo emfutshane kuya kwandisa umlinganiselo.Itekhnoloji yokunciphisa ukunyibilikisa ukwenza intsimbi efana neziko lombane.
3. Intsebenziswano enomsindo
Kwangexesha elide, enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayo kwi-steel by-product gas kukutshisa ukushisa.Nangona ezi zisebenzisa amandla obushushu berhasi, ixabiso labo alikabonakali ngokupheleleyo.Igesi iqulethe imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ye-H2 kunye ne-CO, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwegesi ukuvelisa i-LNG, i-ethanol, i-ethylene glycol, njl., ineenzuzo ezilungileyo zezoqoqosho.Xa kuthelekiswa noshishino lweekhemikhali zamalahle ukuvelisa i-CO kunye ne-H2 kwaye emva koko ivelise i-LNG, i-ethanol, i-ethylene glycol, inenzuzo enkulu yeendleko.
Ngemfuno yokunciphisa ikhabhoni, iiprojekthi ezifana nokutsalwa kwe-CO2 kunye nokuqina zingenise iindaba ezilungileyo.Kumashishini e-metallurgical, afana ne-lime kiln flue gas kunye ne-boiler flue gas enomxholo omkhulu we-CO2.I-CO2 ingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa intsimbi, ukucinezelwa kothuli, ukuthuthwa kwekhonkco elibandayo, ishishini lokutya, njl., imfuno yemarike inkulu, kwaye imboni yesinyithi inenzuzo yeendleko.Iiprojekthi ze-Photovoltaic zinokuzisa izikhombisi ezithile zekhabhoni kumashishini, kwaye ezininzi izixhobo zetsimbi nazo zakha iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic, kodwa ukuba umahluko kumaxabiso ombane unokuzisa inzuzo kumashishini nawo luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuba iprojekthi inomhlaba.
4. Ubukrelekrele beMetallurgy
Imarike ye-metallurgical iya kuqhubela phambili isantya sokuzenzekelayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi kwishishini lentsimbi, kwaye ikhawulezise inkqubo yedijithali kunye nobukrelekrele.Iziko lolawulo elikwindawo esembindini, indawo yokugcina impahla engenamntu, umlinganiselo weqondo lobushushu erobhothi, ukuhlolwa, isampulu iya kuba ngaphezulu nangakumbi.
Ngokukhutshwa kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe eyombini-carbon, amashishini asezantsi kwishishini lentsimbi anemfuno eyandayo yedatha yovavanyo lomjikelo wobomi bonke beemveliso ezithengiweyo, kunye novavanyo lomjikelo wobomi bemveliso yentsimbi kunye novavanyo lwekhabhoni esekelwe ibe ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo kubouphuhliso eluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi yoshishino lwentsimbi kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi abasezantsi.Ukuqhuba uvavanyo lomjikelo wobomi bemveliso ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokuziqhelanisa nohlaza, ikhabhoni ephantsi kunye nophuhliso lomgangatho ophezulu, ukukhuthaza ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa icarbon kumashishini entsimbi kunye nentsimbi kunye nokuphucula impembelelo yophawu.
● Ugcino lwamandla entsimbi kunye nobuchwepheshe bokukhusela indalo esingqongileyo
1. Ukurisayikilishwa okugqithisileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla esibini
Ukusebenza kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwishishini le-metallurgical kuye kwanda unyaka nonyaka, kwelinye icala, izixhobo ezitsha ziphuculwe, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuye kwancitshiswa.Kwelinye icala, ukubuyiswa kokugqibela kwamandla esibini, ubushushu beyunithi yokubuyiswa kwencasa ephezulu naphakathi buyaqhubeka bukhula, kwaye ubushushu obuphantsi buphinde bufumaneke omnye emva komnye, kwaye ubushushu bunokusetyenziswa ngamanyathelo.Ixabiso eliphezulu le-calorific amandla lisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamandla okanye ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali, kwaye ixabiso le-calorific eliphantsi lisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza abahlali basezidolophini ezingqongileyo, i-aquaculture njalo njalo.Ukudityaniswa kwemveliso yensimbi kunye nokuphila kwabantu akuphuculi nje ukuphumelela kwezoqoqosho kumashishini, kodwa kuthathe indawo yebhoyili ezincinci kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nekhabhoni.
1. 1 Inkqubo yesithando sombane
Inkqubo yokupholisa i-vaporization epheleleyo, endaweni yenxalenye yokuqala ye-flue yokupholisa amanzi, iphucula kakhulu ukubuyiswa komphunga weetoni zentsimbi.Ngokwenkqubo yeprojekthi, i-toni ephezulu ye-steel yokubuyisela i-steam inokufikelela kwi-300kg / t yensimbi, engaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-3 ukubuyiswa kokuqala.
1.2 Isiguquli
Inkqubo yokuqala yokucoca igesi ye-flue yokuguqula ngokubanzi ithatha indlela eyomileyo.Phantsi kwenkqubo eyomileyo ekhoyo, ubushushu obushiyekileyo obusuka kumahluko obushushu obuyi-1000℃-300℃ abufunyanwa.Okwangoku, ziiseti ezininzi kuphela zezixhobo zokulinga ezisebenza ixesha elifutshane.
1.3 Iziko eliqhumayo
Ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kwerhasi yesithando somlilo kunokufunyanwa ngokufunyanwa kwegesi yokulinganisa uxinzelelo kunye negesi yokuvuthela.Okwangoku, uninzi lweziko lokuqhushumba alucingi ukubuyisela, okanye ukubuyiswa kwesiqingatha kuphela.
1.4 Ukucula
Hlaziya ubushushu benkunkuma obusuka kwicandelo lobushushu obuphezulu lendawo epholileyo yeringi ukwenzela ukwenziwa kombane;Amanzi ashushu anokuveliswa ukulungiselela inkqubo okanye ukufudumeza emva kokubuyiselwa kobushushu obumdaka kwicandelo lobushushu obuphakathi kunye necandelo lobushushu obuphantsi lendawo yokupholisa iringi;I-Sintering flue gas circulation ithambekele ekujikelezeni kwangaphakathi, kuyafuneka ukunyusa i-high pressure circulation fan, fan air fresh kunye nezixhobo zombane ezixhasayo.
Ubushushu benkunkuma ye-flue enkulu, i-ring ring yokupholisa ubushushu benkunkuma ukongeza kwimveliso yamandla, kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa komphunga kunye neteknoloji yokutsala kabini yombane ukuqhuba i-fan yokutsalwa ephambili, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kakuhle komphunga, ukunciphisa ikhonkco lokuguqula, ukuphucula izibonelelo zoqoqosho.
1.5 Ukupheka
Ukongeza kwi-coke eyomileyo yokucima i-coke, ukujikeleza kwe-coke i-ammonia, i-cooler yokuqala, ubushushu benkunkuma, ubushushu bombhobho wokunyuka, ubushushu benkunkuma yegesi esetyenzisiweyo isetyenzisiwe.
1.6 Ukuqengqeleka kwentsimbi
Ukusetyenziswa kobushushu benkunkuma obuvela kwigesi yombane yentsimbi eqengqelekayo eziko lokufudumeza kunye neziko lokucoca ubushushu.Ubushushu ngumthombo wobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye isiphelo se-desulfurization iimfuno zobushushu zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamanzi ashushu.
2. Ingqikelelo yokhuselo lwemo engqongileyo kunye nokukhutshwa okuphantsi kakhulu kwendele nzulu ezintliziyweni zabantu
2. 1 Ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo kwelitye ngalinye lentsimbi ngu-A
Ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo ekukhuselweni kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa imveliso eqhelekileyo, ezininzi zokusila intsimbi esemantla bagqibile ngenqindi A, nokuba amashishini entsimbi emantla engekagqibi ngenqindi A, kukho inani elikhulu amashishini intsimbi esemazantsi, nabo basebenza kwi. olu lwalathiso.Imisebenzi ephambili izibonelelo zokususa uthuli, izibonelelo ze-desulfurization kunye ne-denitrification, izinto eziphathekayo kwindawo yokugcina impahla, ukunciphisa ukuhla, iindawo zokuvelisa uthuli ezivaliweyo, ukunyanzeliswa kothuli njalo njalo.
2.2 Ikhabhoni, imboni ye-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic
Ikhabhoni, i-electrolytic aluminiyam ishishini amatyala okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ngaphezulu, i-aluminiyam, i-aluminiyam yeentaba kunye namanye amashishini akwintsebenzo yokusingqongileyo yomsebenzi we-A.
2.3 Ukunyangwa kwenkunkuma emithathu
Iimfuno zokukhusela okusingqongileyo inkunkuma eqinileyo ayishiyi i-factory, amanzi amdaka ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhupha.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amashishini esinyithi kunye nentsimbi yomile kwaye acinezela izithako, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma yokugqibela kunye nokulahla kuyahambelana.Imakethi idinga iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe bokunyanga igesi eyinkunkuma, inkunkuma eqinileyo enekhabhoni, intsimbi, inkunkuma enobungozi, ungcoliseko lomhlaba kunye namanzi amdaka ephenol cyanide, amanzi anetyuwa agxininisiweyo kunye namanzi amdaka aqengqelekayo.
2.4 Ukucocwa kwegesi
Ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokusingqongileyo, igesi ehlaziyiweyo ingaqokelelwa ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye iimfuno ezintsha nazo zibekwe phambili kumgangatho wegesi.Inkqubo yokucoca yendabuko yegesi ye-oven ye-coke kunye ne-blast furnace gas iqwalasela ukususwa kothuli kunye nesulfure ye-inorganic, kwaye ngoku ifuna ukususwa kwesulfure yezinto eziphilayo.Imarike idinga iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nezixhobo ezitsha kule mfuno.
I-2.5 iteknoloji yokutshisa i-oxygen ecebileyo, ukutsha kwe-oksijini ecocekileyo
Ukuze kuphuculwe izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwegesi, i-oksijini ecebileyo okanye i-oksijeni ecocekileyo isetyenziselwa ukutshisa isithando somlilo, i-oven kunye nebhoyili.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-13-2023